Adverse Biophysical Effects of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles on Natural Pulmonary Surfactant

Adverse biophysical effects of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on natural pulmonary surfactant.

Inhaled nanoparticles (NPs) must first interact with the pulmonary surfactant (PS) lining layer that covers the entire internal surface of the respiratory tract and plays an important role in surface tension reduction and host defense. Interactions with the PS film determine the subsequent clearance, retention, and translocation of the inhaled NPs and hence their potential toxicity. To date, li...

Biophysical influence of airborne carbon nanomaterials on natural pulmonary surfactant.

Inhalation of nanoparticles (NP), including lightweight airborne carbonaceous nanomaterials (CNM), poses a direct and systemic health threat to those who handle them. Inhaled NP penetrate deep pulmonary structures in which they first interact with the pulmonary surfactant (PS) lining at the alveolar air-water interface. In spite of many research efforts, there is a gap of knowledge between in v...

The biophysical function of pulmonary surfactant.

Pulmonary surfactant lowers surface tension in the lungs. Physiological studies indicate two key aspects of this function: that the surfactant film forms rapidly; and that when compressed by the shrinking alveolar area during exhalation, the film reduces surface tension to very low values. These observations suggest that surfactant vesicles adsorb quickly, and that during compression, the adsor...

Effects of graphene oxide nanosheets on the ultrastructure and biophysical properties of the pulmonary surfactant film.

Graphene oxide (GO) is the most common derivative of graphene and has been used in a large range of biomedical applications. Despite considerable progress in understanding its cytotoxicity, its potential inhalation toxicity is still largely unknown. As the pulmonary surfactant (PS) film is the first line of host defense, interaction with the PS film determines the fate of the inhaled nanomateri...

Supporting Information Effects of graphene oxide nanosheets on ultrastructure and biophysical properties of pulmonary surfactant film